LEADERSHIP INFLUENCE AND BEHAVIOURAL PRACTICES IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN UGANDA’S GREATER KIBAALE REGION

Abstract

This study explores how follower voice behaviour affects leadership competencies within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Uganda’s Greater Kibaale Region. Using a mixed-method approach involving surveys, interviews, and documentary analysis, data were collected from 340 employees and 54 owner-managers across selected SMEs. The research hypothesised that promotive follower voice behaviour positively influences leadership competencies, while prohibitive voice behaviour has a negligible effect, with leader–member exchange quality acting as a moderating factor. Findings revealed that follower voice behaviour significantly shapes the leadership skills and decision-making processes of SME owner-managers. Additionally, the quality of leader–member exchange strengthened this relationship, highlighting the importance of inclusive leadership practices. The study advances scholarship on SME leadership by positioning follower input as a key driver of competence development and workplace learning. Recommendations were made for enhancing governance, leadership practices, and financial management systems within SMEs to improve their performance and sustainability.